Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, Kosrae
The FSM is an independent nation encompassing over 600 high islands and atolls comprising 270 square miles and spanning 1,600 miles east to west across the western Pacific Ocean. The islands are politically organized among four states associated with the four main island groups of Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae.
Human Habitation and Biodiversity
The region was settled by people several thousand years ago and evidence indicates the islands supported much higher population densities than at present with sophisticated agroforestry and fisheries management systems, many of which are still practiced at smaller scales today. The region is culturally and linguistically diverse and considered a biodiversity hotspot for its both marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
![IMGP6177 Yap, May 2014. Fire Self Extinguished at Forest Edge (Credit: Clay Trauernicht)](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/IMGP6177-scaled.jpeg)
![FSM_rainfall Annual rainfall by month for Yap, Chuuk, and Pohnpei. Data from western regional climate center.](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/FSM_rainfall.png)
Human-caused Fire and Ecological Effects
Fire-prone savannas occupy each of the main high islands in the FSM to varying extents and are derived from a long history of intentional burning by people. These savannas consist largely of native grasses, ferns, and shrubs and are interspersed among tropical forests and agroforests, forming complex, mosaic landscapes.
Seasonal and Climate Variability
Yap, the westernmost high island in the FSM, has the largest expanses of savanna vegetation and fires occur annually during the dry season from January to May. Savanna extent declines along with rainfall seasonality moving eastward towards Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosrae, but extensive fires have been reported from these moister regions during extreme drought conditions such as occur during El Niño events.
![Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/pohn_kos_chuuk_2022.png)
![(2016 - 2022) Julian Dendy (2016 - 2022) Julian Dendy](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Screen-Shot-2023-03-28-at-9.04.59-AM.png)
![(2016 - 2022) Julian Dendy (2016 - 2022) Julian Dendy](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Screen-Shot-2023-03-28-at-9.04.59-AM.png)
Yap Wildfires
The U.S. Forest Service's Pacific Island Research center's Julian Dendy mapped the extent of wildfires from 2016 - 2022.
![Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/pohn_kos_chuuk_2022.png)
![Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/pohn_kos_chuuk_2022.png)
![Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover Pohnpei, Kosrai, Chuck Land Cover](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/pohn_kos_chuuk_2022.png)
![IMGP6188 Rumong, Yap, May 2014. Typical Micronesian Savanna (Credit: Clay Trauernicht)](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/IMGP6188-1024x678.jpeg)
![IMGP6188 Rumong, Yap, May 2014. Typical Micronesian Savanna (Credit: Clay Trauernicht)](https://pacificfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/IMGP6188-1024x678.jpeg)
Recent Resources for the Western Pacific
After human health and safety, the first priority is to protect the soils from rain and run-off.
Re-planting is an important, long-term strategy for soil stabilization. While native Hawaiian plants are always desirable, they require a great deal of care, such as water, fencing and weeding.
Members of our community from three islands will talk about their efforts in reducing the threat of wildfire across boundaries. Robbie Justice of Forest Solutions, Inc. on Hawai‘i Island, Jeremie Makepa of ‘Āina Alliance on Kaua‘i, and Erin Peyton of Paniolo Hale Firewise Committee on Moloka‘i share their lessons learned in reducing hazardous fuels and how agencies, landowners and residents can work together collectively.