The Republic of Palau comprises 250 islands at the western end of the Caroline Islands, approximately 500 miles due east of the Philippines.

Human habitation and Biodiversity

The island group was settled approximately 3,000 years ago and the current population is over 20,000 centered mostly in the city of Koror.  Largely renowned for its marine ecosystems, Palau's terrestrial ecosystems are also biologically diverse with high rates of species endemism and relatively large tracts of intact tropical rain forest.

EROSION IN RE-PRONE SAVANNA LANDSCAPE ON PALAU. PHOTO: CLAY TRAUERNICHT
Erosion in re-prone savanna landscape on Palau. Credit: Clay Trauernicht
Average mm of rainfall in Koror, Palau by month.
Average mm of rainfall in Koror, Palau by month. Data are from the Western Regional Climate Center.

Human-caused Fire, Ecological Effects and Seasonal Influences

Fire-prone savannas, dominated by native ferns, grasses and shrubs, occupy nearly 15% of Babeldaob, the largest island of Palau.  As elsewhere in Micronesia, these savannas were created and are maintained by intentional burning and create a complex forest-savanna mosaic landscape.  Palau experiences drier conditions annually during March and April, during which fires are most common.  Fire frequency and area burned increased dramatically during the severe drought associated with the 1998 El Niño event (2010 SWARS).

Palau Wildfires

The US Forest Service’s Pacific Island Research center’s Julian Dendy has mapped the extent of wildfires from 2012 – 2022.

Palau Babeldaob Wildfires closeup (2012-2022)

Recent Resources for the Western Pacific

The Grass-Fire Cycle on Pacific Islands

September 24, 2018

Understanding the Grass-Fire Cycle can help to better manage grasslands and savannas, reduce the risk of wildland fire, and limit the impacts of re on our communities, watersheds, and native…

Webinar: Get to Know Wildfire on Guam

June 19, 2018

Wildfires on Guam burn an average 3.3% of the island’s area each year. That’s a lot, when you consider Guam is only 210 square miles. Fire has immediate impacts on…

Webinar: Land Cover Maps for Fire & Land Management

November 14, 2017

Matt Lucas presents on land cover Geographic Information Systems products for Hawai‘i and other Pacific Islands. He is a Master of Science graduate of the Natural Resource and Environmental Management…