The Republic of Palau comprises 250 islands at the western end of the Caroline Islands, approximately 500 miles due east of the Philippines.

Human habitation and Biodiversity

The island group was settled approximately 3,000 years ago and the current population is over 20,000 centered mostly in the city of Koror.  Largely renowned for its marine ecosystems, Palau's terrestrial ecosystems are also biologically diverse with high rates of species endemism and relatively large tracts of intact tropical rain forest.

EROSION IN RE-PRONE SAVANNA LANDSCAPE ON PALAU. PHOTO: CLAY TRAUERNICHT
Erosion in re-prone savanna landscape on Palau. Credit: Clay Trauernicht
Average mm of rainfall in Koror, Palau by month.
Average mm of rainfall in Koror, Palau by month. Data are from the Western Regional Climate Center.

Human-caused Fire, Ecological Effects and Seasonal Influences

Fire-prone savannas, dominated by native ferns, grasses and shrubs, occupy nearly 15% of Babeldaob, the largest island of Palau.  As elsewhere in Micronesia, these savannas were created and are maintained by intentional burning and create a complex forest-savanna mosaic landscape.  Palau experiences drier conditions annually during March and April, during which fires are most common.  Fire frequency and area burned increased dramatically during the severe drought associated with the 1998 El Niño event (2010 SWARS).

Palau Wildfires

The US Forest Service’s Pacific Island Research center’s Julian Dendy has mapped the extent of wildfires from 2012 – 2022.

Palau Babeldaob Wildfires closeup (2012-2022)

Recent Resources for the Western Pacific

Virtual Workshop (Webinar): Dealing with Your Own Backyard During COVID-19

May 12, 2020

Watch an interactive, virtual workshop highlighting what Hawai‘i and Pacific Island residents & families can do around their homes to create wildfire-safe and resilient landscapes.

2019 Wildfire Summary in the Western Pacific

May 12, 2020

This annual summary of fires in 2019 aims to provide a sense of context for wildfire activity on the Western US-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) of Palau, Guam, the Northern Marianas,…

Guam Wildfire Awareness Curriculum: Grades 6-12

April 1, 2020

Fire Communication & Education, Western Pacific A multi-partner, standards-aligned, culturally-relevant wildfire awareness tailored to Guam’s school curriculum (grades 6-12).