Fire History of the Region

Human-caused wildland fires occur annually in Guam and the inhabited Northern Mariana Islands - Rota, Saipan, and Tinian.  Fire has been identified as a key threat to communities, forest resources and watershed integrity in the 2010-2015 Statewide Resource Assessment and Strategies for both regions.  Fire records on Guam from 1979-2000 show that an average of 730 fires per year burned 4,800 acres (1,942 ha), or c. 4% of the island's total land area.  Annual fire number and area burned increased in years following El Niño events.

Wildfire Today

The cause of the majority of fires is attributed to intentional burning, typically related to hunting activities. In addition, fire-prone savanna vegetation accounts for 17-23% of the main islands in the Marianas chain. Fire occurrence is most frequent during the pronounced dry season from December to June.

Average monthly rainfall (1996-2005) for guam and saipan. Data are from the western regional climate center.
Average monthly rainfall (1996-2005) for guam and saipan. Data are from the western regional climate center.
Soil Erosion Control, Guam, Aug 2019 (Credit: JB Friday)
Soil Erosion Control, Guam, Aug 2019 (Credit: JB Friday)

Guam & CNMI Fires

The US Forest Service’s Pacific Island Research Center’s Julian Dendy has mapped the extent of wildfires from 2015 – 2022.

Guam Fires (2015 - 2022) Julian Dendy

Recent Resources for the Western Pacific

What is your emergency soil stabilization plan? This can be done in various high-tech and low-tech ways.

November 3, 2023

After human health and safety, the first priority is to protect the soils from rain and run-off.

Consider re-vegetating burned areas in a way that makes sense for your environment while knowing that resources (time, money, long-term stewardship) may vary.

November 2, 2023

Re-planting is an important, long-term strategy for soil stabilization. While native Hawaiian plants are always desirable, they require a great deal of care, such as water, fencing and weeding.

Talk Story Tuesdays: Reducing wildfire risk across boundaries – recent projects and lessons learned

August 30, 2023

Members of our community from three islands will talk about their efforts in reducing the threat of wildfire across boundaries. Robbie Justice of Forest Solutions, Inc. on Hawai‘i Island, Jeremie Makepa of ‘Āina Alliance on Kaua‘i, and Erin Peyton of Paniolo Hale Firewise Committee on Moloka‘i share their lessons learned in reducing hazardous fuels and how agencies, landowners and residents can work together collectively.